{"id":7322,"date":"2021-01-20T09:35:13","date_gmt":"2021-01-20T08:35:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/?p=7322"},"modified":"2021-01-27T09:36:22","modified_gmt":"2021-01-27T08:36:22","slug":"instalacia-garazovych-bran-murovanie-ci-hlbenie-bazena-ako-efektivne-rozvrhnut-stavebne-prace-v-zimnom-obdobi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/?p=7322","title":{"rendered":"In\u0161tal\u00e1cia gar\u00e1\u017eov\u00fdch br\u00e1n, murovanie \u010di h\u013abenie baz\u00e9na \u2013 ako efekt\u00edvne rozvrhn\u00fa\u0165 stavebn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce v zimnom obdob\u00ed?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Pre cel\u00fd rad stavebn\u00fdch \u00fakonov je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1 teplota vzduchu. Zatia\u013e \u010do niektor\u00e9 \u010dinnosti na stavbe mo\u017eno vykon\u00e1va\u0165 aj v siln\u00fdch mrazoch mimo takzvanej stavebnej sez\u00f3ny, s in\u00fdmi je takmer nevyhnutn\u00e9 po\u010dka\u0165 a\u017e na pr\u00edchod jari \u010di leta. Ak\u00e9 teploty s\u00fa hrani\u010dn\u00e9 pre stavbu v zime, v ak\u00fdch mrazoch je mo\u017en\u00e9 namontova\u0165 nov\u00e9 gar\u00e1\u017eov\u00e9 br\u00e1ny alebo pre\u010do sa odpor\u00fa\u010da dom natiera\u0165 a\u017e v lete? Odpovede na tieto ot\u00e1zky prin\u00e1\u0161a nasleduj\u00faci \u010dl\u00e1nok.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010casti pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165a domu mo\u017eno in\u0161talova\u0165 aj v -15 \u00b0C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00e1ce na stavbe m\u00f4\u017eu pokra\u010dova\u0165 v podstate po cel\u00fd rok, teda aj v s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdch tuh\u00fdch zim\u00e1ch. Najm\u00e4 v pr\u00edpadoch, ke\u010f nie s\u00fa pre konkr\u00e9tnu realiz\u00e1ciu potrebn\u00e9 \u017eiadne chemick\u00e9 stavebn\u00e9 zmesi. Nemo\u017eno teda priamo hovori\u0165 o hrubej stavbe, ale najm\u00e4 o mont\u00e1\u017each \u0161irok\u00e9ho pr\u00edslu\u0161enstva na dome a jeho pl\u00e1\u0161ti. Typick\u00fdm pr\u00edkladom je in\u0161tal\u00e1cia gar\u00e1\u017eov\u00fdch br\u00e1n \u010di tieniacej techniky, t\u00fa mo\u017eno vykon\u00e1va\u0165 aj pri teplote p\u00e4tn\u00e1s\u0165 stup\u0148ov pod nulou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201ePri gar\u00e1\u017eov\u00fdch br\u00e1nach \u010di tienen\u00ed privez\u00fa technici na miesto realiz\u00e1cie u\u017e hotov\u00e9 jednotliv\u00e9 \u010dasti a v\u0161etko n\u00e1sledne zmontuj\u00fa. Spravidla im na to posta\u010d\u00ed v\u0155ta\u010dka, skrutkova\u010d a s\u00faprava pr\u00edchytiek a skrutiek. Hranica p\u00e4tn\u00e1s\u0165 stup\u0148ov pod nulou je stanoven\u00e1 najm\u00e4 s oh\u013eadom na zdravotn\u00e9 rizik\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 sa pri e\u0161te ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch m\u00f4\u017eu objavova\u0165. Na druhej strane je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 podotkn\u00fa\u0165, \u017ee tak\u00e9to n\u00edzke teploty s\u00fa po\u010das d\u0148a na Slovensku sk\u00f4r raritou,\u201c <\/em>uviedol Petr P\u0159ichystal, obchodn\u00fd riadite\u013e spolo\u010dnosti Lomax, ktor\u00e1 sa zaober\u00e1 produkciou gar\u00e1\u017eov\u00fdch br\u00e1n a tieniacej techniky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zimn\u00e9 stavebn\u00e9 zmesi do tepl\u00f4t mierne pod bodom mrazu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stavebn\u00e9 firmy odpor\u00fa\u010daj\u00fa murovanie po\u010das zimn\u00e9ho obdobia preru\u0161i\u0165, aby mohla hrub\u00e1 stavba riadne vymrzn\u00fa\u0165. Okrem in\u00e9ho sa t\u00fdm zlep\u0161ia aj jej statick\u00e9 vlastnosti. Rie\u0161enie v\u0161ak existuje aj ke\u010f sa \u013eudia rozhodn\u00fa so stavbou pokra\u010dova\u0165 pri teplot\u00e1ch okolo bodu mrazu. Naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edmi variantmi b\u00fdvaj\u00fa v tomto smere zimn\u00e9 maltov\u00e9 zmesi, s ktor\u00fdmi je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou mo\u017en\u00e9 pracova\u0165 do -5 \u00b0C. A hoci pri nich \u010diasto\u010dne odpadaj\u00fa rizik\u00e1 spojen\u00e9 so zl\u00fdm tvrdnut\u00edm klasickej malty pri n\u00edzkych teplot\u00e1ch, aj tak je nutn\u00e9, aby zmes tvrdla 28 dn\u00ed pri teplot\u00e1ch nad 5 \u00b0C, teda rovnako ako klasick\u00e1 malta. Dni s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi teplotami sa do tohto obdobia nepo\u010d\u00edtaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zimn\u00e9 maltov\u00e9 zmesi tak m\u00f4\u017eu pred\u013a\u017ei\u0165 stavebn\u00fa sez\u00f3nu predov\u0161etk\u00fdm o dni, ke\u010f sa teplota dost\u00e1va k nule, po\u010das tuhej zimy je v\u0161ak lep\u0161ie zamera\u0165 sa na in\u00e9 \u010dinnosti. U\u017e len z toho d\u00f4vodu, \u017ee no\u010dn\u00e9 teploty m\u00f4\u017eu kedyko\u013evek klesn\u00fa\u0165 hlboko pod bod mrazu. Medzi \u010fal\u0161ie zimn\u00e9 stavebn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 do -5 \u00b0C patria aj murovacie PUR peny, cementov\u00e9 potery so zimnou \u00fapravou \u010di zimn\u00e9 pr\u00edsady do omietok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Klasick\u00e1 malta potrebuje teploty nad 5 \u00b0C<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre be\u017en\u00fa maltu je kritick\u00fdm bodom teplota 5 \u00b0C. Spojen\u00edm v\u00e1pna a vody toti\u017e vznik\u00e1 proces hydrat\u00e1cie, po\u010das ktor\u00e9ho zmes za\u010d\u00edna tuhn\u00fa\u0165. Ako v\u0161ak teplota kles\u00e1, proces sa postupne brzd\u00ed. Na vine s\u00fa pritom najm\u00e4 zmeny fyzik\u00e1lnych vlastnost\u00ed vody. V ide\u00e1lnych podmienkach trv\u00e1 pribli\u017ene mesiac, k\u00fdm bet\u00f3n vytvrdne na 95 percent svojej maxim\u00e1lnej pevnosti. Ak teda po\u010das tuhnutia mus\u00ed \u010deli\u0165 teplot\u00e1m ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm ako 5 \u00b0C, m\u00f4\u017ee sa cel\u00fd proces naru\u0161i\u0165, \u010do ohroz\u00ed potrebn\u00fa fin\u00e1lnu tvrdos\u0165 bet\u00f3nu. Pokia\u013e d\u00f4jde priamo na mrazy, voda v zmesi zamrzne, a cel\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00fara sa t\u00fdm roztrh\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V pr\u00edpade pou\u017eitia klasickej malty je teda vhodn\u00e9 smerova\u0165 stavebn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce na jarn\u00e9 mesiace, v opa\u010dnom pr\u00edpade by sa cel\u00fd proces mohol zbyto\u010dne predra\u017ei\u0165. V zime je preto lep\u0161ie da\u0165 prednos\u0165 in\u00fdm \u010dastiam stavby. \u201eKlasick\u00e1 malta je st\u00e1le najbe\u017enej\u0161ou chemickou zmesou pou\u017e\u00edvanou na stavbu. Aj pre teplotn\u00e9 obmedzenia, ktor\u00e9 sa s \u0148ou sp\u00e1jaj\u00fa, existuje medzi pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013emi mnoho predsudkov, najm\u00e4 v s\u00favislosti s takzvanou stavebnou sez\u00f3nou. T\u00e1 s\u00edce za\u010d\u00edna hne\u010f na jar, ale aj po\u010das zimn\u00fdch mesiacov mo\u017eno pracova\u0165 na in\u00fdch \u010dastiach stavby a v\u010faka tomu \u010dasto aj u\u0161etri\u0165,\u201c <\/em>uviedol P\u0159ichystal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In\u0161tal\u00e1ciu baz\u00e9na je lep\u0161ie necha\u0165 na jar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pre baz\u00e9n in\u0161talovan\u00fd v exteri\u00e9ri plat\u00ed z h\u013eadiska vonkaj\u0161\u00edch tepl\u00f4t hne\u010f nieko\u013eko obmedzen\u00ed, v\u0161etky pritom s\u00favisia s mrazmi. Odborn\u00edci preto odpor\u00fa\u010daj\u00fa zaobera\u0165 sa in\u0161tal\u00e1ciou baz\u00e9na takisto a\u017e na jar, ke\u010f u\u017e nehroz\u00ed, \u017ee by teploty klesali pod bod mrazu. Hne\u010f prv\u00e1 prek\u00e1\u017eka sa m\u00f4\u017ee objavi\u0165 u\u017e pri samotnom v\u00fdkope jamy. So zamrznutou zeminou m\u00f4\u017ee ma\u0165 toti\u017e probl\u00e9m aj bager. A hoci to nemus\u00ed nutne znamena\u0165 definit\u00edvne znemo\u017enenie v\u00fdkopu, b\u00fdva cel\u00e1 realiz\u00e1cia v\u00fdrazne \u0165a\u017e\u0161ia a vo fin\u00e1le aj n\u00e1kladnej\u0161ia, napr\u00edklad vzh\u013eadom na nutnos\u0165 prikr\u00fdvania \u010di prehrievania zeminy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hne\u010f ako je jama pre baz\u00e9n vykopan\u00e1, treba ju vyplni\u0165 bet\u00f3nom. Ak by sa tak nestalo a v\u00fdkop zostal cez zimu a\u017e do jari premrznut\u00fd, pravdepodobne by sa niektor\u00e1 z jeho \u010dast\u00ed zosunula. Mr\u00e1z toti\u017e zeminu nakypr\u00ed a roztrh\u00e1, tak\u017ee ke\u010f teploty st\u00fapnu, zemina s ur\u010ditou deform\u00e1ciou zase z\u013eahne. Nutnos\u0165 r\u00fdchleho vybet\u00f3novania jamy je v\u0161ak op\u00e4\u0165 spojen\u00e1 s t\u00fdm, \u017ee teplota nesmie po\u010das 24 hod\u00edn klesn\u00fa\u0165 pod 5 \u00b0C, preto je aj v tomto pr\u00edpade lep\u0161ie po\u010dka\u0165 a\u017e na jar, a eliminova\u0165 tak potenci\u00e1lne komplik\u00e1cie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Natieranie je najlep\u0161ie necha\u0165 na leto<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jednou z \u00faloh na stavbe, ktor\u00fa je ide\u00e1lne smerova\u0165 a\u017e na neskor\u00fa jar \u010di pr\u00edchod leta, je natieranie. Pri \u0148om plat\u00ed pravidlo, \u017ee teplota by nemala klesn\u00fa\u0165 dokonca pod 15 \u00b0C. V opa\u010dnom pr\u00edpade sa toti\u017e m\u00f4\u017eu na natieranom povrchu za\u010da\u0165 tvori\u0165 mlie\u010dne \u0161kvrny, a v tom pr\u00edpade by sa musel cel\u00fd \u00fakon zopakova\u0165. V pr\u00edpade natierania dreva sa potom odpor\u00fa\u010da e\u0161te vy\u0161\u0161ia teplota, mala by sa pohybova\u0165 medzi 20 a 25 \u00b0C. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa v\u0161ak odpor\u00fa\u010da vyhn\u00fa\u0165 aj natieraniu pri vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, ke\u010f sa \u010das schnutia v\u00fdrazne skracuje, pri ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch je potom proces presne opa\u010dn\u00fd.
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pre cel\u00fd rad stavebn\u00fdch \u00fakonov je k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e1 teplota vzduchu. Zatia\u013e \u010do niektor\u00e9 \u010dinnosti na stavbe mo\u017eno vykon\u00e1va\u0165 aj v siln\u00fdch mrazoch mimo takzvanej stavebnej sez\u00f3ny, s in\u00fdmi je takmer nevyhnutn\u00e9 po\u010dka\u0165 a\u017e na pr\u00edchod jari \u010di leta. Ak\u00e9 teploty s\u00fa…<\/p>\n

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