{"id":7306,"date":"2020-10-14T17:54:19","date_gmt":"2020-10-14T16:54:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/?p=7306"},"modified":"2020-10-26T17:55:29","modified_gmt":"2020-10-26T16:55:29","slug":"historia-garazi-dovodom-ich-vzniku-bol-zapach-koni-sucastou-rodinnych-domov-sa-stali-po-vojne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/?p=7306","title":{"rendered":"Hist\u00f3ria gar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed: D\u00f4vodom ich vzniku bol z\u00e1pach kon\u00ed, s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou rodinn\u00fdch domov sa stali po vojne"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Gar\u00e1\u017ee sl\u00fa\u017eia predov\u0161etk\u00fdm ako bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 miesto na zaparkovanie \u00e1ut, \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161ie v nich v\u0161ak \u013eudia skladuj\u00fa aj bicykle, ly\u017ee a veci, ktor\u00e9 by v dome \u010di byte zbyto\u010dne zaberali miesto. Zn\u00e1me s\u00fa aj historky o \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fdch hudobn\u00fdch zoskupeniach a svetozn\u00e1mych spolo\u010dnostiach, ktor\u00e9 uzreli svetlo sveta pr\u00e1ve v gar\u00e1\u017each. M\u00e1lokto v\u0161ak vie, kedy a pre\u010do sa t\u00e1to \u010das\u0165 domu stala jeho d\u00f4le\u017eitou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou. Ak\u00e1 je teda hist\u00f3ria gar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hist\u00f3ria gar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed sa za\u010dala p\u00edsa\u0165 asi pred stop\u00e4\u0165desiatimi rokmi, ich predchodcom bola stodola \u010di staj\u0148a. E\u0161te pred n\u00e1stupom \u00e1ut toti\u017e \u013eudia najprv potrebovali niekde bezpe\u010dne odklada\u0165 ko\u010de a vozy. Tie boli \u010dasto otvoren\u00e9, dreven\u00e9, a teda n\u00e1chylnej\u0161ie na po\u0161kodenie za da\u017e\u010fa \u010di mrazu. Ve\u013ek\u00fd zlom nastal a\u017e s pr\u00edchodom prv\u00fdch automobilov. Majite\u013eom t\u00fdchto motorizovan\u00fdch ko\u010dov toti\u017e prek\u00e1\u017ealo, ak ich aut\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 boli luxusom, smrdeli zvierac\u00edm pachom. Na prelome dev\u00e4tn\u00e1steho a dvadsiateho storo\u010dia sa preto st\u00e1le \u010dastej\u0161ie za\u010dali objavova\u0165 stavby ur\u010den\u00e9 len pre aut\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Na za\u010diatku 20. storo\u010dia e\u0161te stavba nemala n\u00e1zov<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gar\u00e1\u017eam sa za\u010dalo dari\u0165 najm\u00e4 v Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch. Hoci za\u010diatkom 20. storo\u010dia sa im e\u0161te st\u00e1le nehovorilo gar\u00e1\u017e. Tento n\u00e1zov odvoden\u00fd z franc\u00fazskeho garer (v preklade chr\u00e1ni\u0165 \u010di poskytn\u00fa\u0165 pr\u00edstre\u0161ok) z\u013eudovel a\u017e postupom rokov. Pr\u00e1ve 20. roky boli pre gar\u00e1\u017ee ist\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom zlomov\u00e9. V Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch boli toti\u017e prijat\u00e9 z\u00e1kony, v\u010faka ktor\u00fdm do\u0161lo k v\u00fdraznej moderniz\u00e1cii ciest a dia\u013enic. V\u00fdrazne tak st\u00fapal po\u010det \u00e1ut a s t\u00fdm aj gar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, sprvu najm\u00e4 verejn\u00fdch, ktor\u00e9 si \u013eudia mohli prenaja\u0165.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V medzivojnov\u00fdch rokoch si v\u0161ak majitelia \u00e1ut \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161ie stavali samostatn\u00e9 gar\u00e1\u017ee na vlastn\u00fdch pozemkoch pri svojich domoch. <em>\u201eGar\u00e1\u017ee neboli s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou domu, majitelia \u00e1ut sa ich preto sna\u017eili domom aspo\u0148 architektonicky \u010di farebne prisp\u00f4sobi\u0165. Pevnou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou domu sa za\u010dali st\u00e1va\u0165 najm\u00e4 v USA na prelome 40. a 50. rokov, na Slovensku o tomto trende m\u00f4\u017eeme hovori\u0165 a\u017e od porevolu\u010dn\u00fdch rokov,\u201c <\/em>uviedol <strong>Petr P\u0159ichystal<\/strong> zo spolo\u010dnosti Lomax, ktor\u00e1 je v\u00fdrobcom gar\u00e1\u017eov\u00fdch br\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 bola aj ve\u013ekos\u0165 gar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, ktor\u00e1 sa odv\u00edjala od rozmerov vozidiel. Tie b\u00fdvali spo\u010diatku v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie, postupom \u010dasu v\u0161ak doch\u00e1dzalo k&nbsp;ich zmen\u0161ovaniu. Ak v\u0161ak rodina mala viac \u00e1ut, trend sa uberal opa\u010dn\u00fdm smerom. Dnes sa tak pod\u013ea P\u0159ichystala odpor\u00fa\u010daj\u00fa rozmery 3 x 6 metrov pre jedno auto. Okrem parkovania \u00e1ut \u010di motocyklov pritom tento priestor v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti sl\u00fa\u017ei aj na in\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely. V na\u0161ich kon\u010din\u00e1ch naj\u010dastej\u0161ie ako diel\u0148a \u010di ako sklad bicyklov \u010di ly\u017e\u00ed. Objavuj\u00fa sa v\u0161ak aj pr\u00edpady, ke\u010f je gar\u00e1\u017e vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 ako miestnos\u0165 navy\u0161e, napr\u00edklad na sledovanie telev\u00edzie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00daspechu elektrick\u00e9ho ovl\u00e1dania sa vyn\u00e1lezca nedo\u017eil&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u00fdchlym v\u00fdvojom a inov\u00e1ciami pre\u0161li aj gar\u00e1\u017eov\u00e9 br\u00e1ny. Tie sa p\u00f4vodne stavali podobne ako br\u00e1ny stod\u00f4l. Dvojkr\u00eddlov\u00e9 dvere sa otv\u00e1rali do str\u00e1n a zvy\u010dajne boli dreven\u00e9. Toto rie\u0161enie v\u0161ak nebolo ve\u013emi praktick\u00e9 a vy\u017eadovalo dostatok priestoru v okol\u00ed gar\u00e1\u017ee, postupne sa preto pre\u0161lo k v\u00fdklopn\u00e9mu variantu. \u201e<em>Kedysi boli popul\u00e1rne plechov\u00e9 v\u00fdklopn\u00e9 br\u00e1ny, ktor\u00e9 si m\u00f4\u017eeme pam\u00e4ta\u0165 aj u n\u00e1s. Na star\u00fdch gar\u00e1\u017each ich uvid\u00edme e\u0161te aj dnes, z\u00e1ujem o ne v\u0161ak u\u017e skoro nie je, tak\u017ee sa takmer nevyr\u00e1baj\u00fa<\/em>,\u201c upozor\u0148uje P\u0159ichystal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch v dvadsiatych rokoch dvadsiateho storo\u010dia experimentovali aj s rozdelen\u00edm br\u00e1n do sekci\u00ed a zas\u00favan\u00edm cez roh do jednej zo str\u00e1n budovy. Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed ohlas mal v\u0161ak vyn\u00e1lez C. G. Johnsona z roku 1921. Pri\u0161iel toti\u017e so zas\u00favan\u00edm br\u00e1ny nad hlavu. Vyu\u017eil tak nielen priestor pod stropom, ale poskytol t\u00fdm aj dokonal\u00e9 rie\u0161enie najm\u00e4 majite\u013eom mal\u00fdch gar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed s n\u00edzkym stropom. \u201e<em>Typovo i\u0161lo o ve\u013emi podobn\u00e9 rie\u0161enie ako maj\u00fa s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 sek\u010dn\u00e9 typy br\u00e1n, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa aj na Slovensku v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti najob\u013e\u00fabenej\u0161ie. Alternat\u00edvou je aj posuvn\u00fd variant, ke\u010f br\u00e1na zach\u00e1dza do boku gar\u00e1\u017ee,<\/em>\u201c dod\u00e1va Petr P\u0159ichystal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>St\u00fapa z\u00e1ujem o netradi\u010dn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly aj inteligentn\u00e9 rie\u0161enia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aj materi\u00e1ly, z&nbsp;ktor\u00fdch sa br\u00e1ny vyr\u00e1baj\u00fa, sa postupne menia. Drevo pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 na br\u00e1ny stod\u00f4l postupne nahradil plech, mot\u00edv dreva v\u0161ak nevymizol. Za\u010dal sa toti\u017e lisova\u0165 pr\u00e1ve do plechu. <em>\u201eKe\u010f sme s t\u00fdm pred dvadsiatimi rokmi ako prv\u00fd v strednej Eur\u00f3pe prich\u00e1dzali, zvy\u0161ok trhu to pova\u017eoval za nezmysel. Pou\u017e\u00edvatelia boli dovtedy zvyknut\u00ed na tri z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 farby \u2013 bielu, modr\u00fa a \u010diernu. V\u010faka imit\u00e1cii dreva si v\u0161ak mohli zladi\u0165 vzh\u013ead gar\u00e1\u017ee s r\u00e1mami okien, nakoniec to znamenalo trend trvaj\u00faci zhruba p\u00e4tn\u00e1s\u0165 rokov,\u201c <\/em>spom\u00edna P\u0159ichystal. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti s\u00fa pod\u013ea neho v kurze najm\u00e4 odtiene sivej a antracitovej.Postupn\u00fdm v\u00fdvojom pre\u0161lo aj ovl\u00e1danie gar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed. V&nbsp;s\u00fa\u010dasnosti u\u017e \u0161tandardne dostane ka\u017ed\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e k br\u00e1nam aj dia\u013ekov\u00fd ovl\u00e1da\u010d. \u00daplne prv\u00fd elektrick\u00fd ovl\u00e1da\u010d pritom uzrel svetlo sveta u\u017e v roku 1926. Na svedom\u00ed ho mal u\u017e spom\u00ednan\u00fd Ameri\u010dan C. G. Johnson, rozmachu sa tento typ do\u010dkal a\u017e v 70. rokoch. <em>\u201eBolo to najm\u00e4 v z\u00e1mor\u00ed, v strednej Eur\u00f3pe to bolo zhruba o dvadsa\u0165 rokov nesk\u00f4r. V s\u00fa\u010dasnosti je v\u0161ak mo\u017en\u00e9 dia\u013ekov\u00e9 ovl\u00e1danie posun\u00fa\u0165 e\u0161te \u010falej, a to pripojen\u00edm gar\u00e1\u017eov\u00fdch br\u00e1n k syst\u00e9mu takzvanej inteligentnej dom\u00e1cnosti. T\u00fa tak m\u00f4\u017ee pou\u017e\u00edvate\u013e v&nbsp;podstate cel\u00fa ovl\u00e1da\u0165 napr\u00edklad pomocou smartf\u00f3nu,\u201c <\/em>uzatv\u00e1ra P\u0159ichystal.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gar\u00e1\u017ee sl\u00fa\u017eia predov\u0161etk\u00fdm ako bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 miesto na zaparkovanie \u00e1ut, \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161ie v nich v\u0161ak \u013eudia skladuj\u00fa aj bicykle, ly\u017ee a veci, ktor\u00e9 by v dome \u010di byte zbyto\u010dne zaberali miesto. Zn\u00e1me s\u00fa aj historky o \u00faspe\u0161n\u00fdch hudobn\u00fdch zoskupeniach a svetozn\u00e1mych&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link-p\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/?p=7306\">Read more &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cestovny_ruch"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7306","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7306"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7307,"href":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7306\/revisions\/7307"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spravodajstvo24.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}